The U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) was designed to monitor the climate of the United States using research quality instrumentation located within representative pristine environments. The USCRN hourly standardized soil moisture anomalies and percentiles were evaluated during changes in U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) status, with a focus on onset, worsening, and improving drought conditions.

NWS Center Weather Service Units (CWSU) are required by an Interagency Agreement with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to develop and post Pre-Duty Weather Briefings (PDWB) three times daily for Air Traffic Controller (ATC) awareness. The ATCs are required by FAA policy to affirm that they have viewed these briefings prior to taking their stations on shift. The Pre-Duty Weather Briefings provide an overview of current and forecast weather for the next 12 hours, and can give controllers an idea of what to expect.

The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer is a Cross-nadir infrared sounder flown on the European MetOp satellite series. IASI measures atmospheric emission spectra to derive temperature and humidity profiles with high vertical resolution and accuracy. IASI is a Michelson interferometer with spectral coverage between 3.6 and 15.5 micrometers. At nadir, the instrument samples data at intervals of 25 km along track and cross track with each sample having a maximum diameter of about 12 km.

HADS is a real-time and near real-time data acquisition, processing, and distribution system operated by the National Weather Service Office of Dissemination. The HADS system acquires raw hydrological and meteorological observation messages from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Data Collection Platforms (DCPs). The data originates from DCPs owned and/or operated by more than 100 cooperators. The NWS operates a relatively small network of DCPs.

This dataset contains gridded daily surface reflectance and brightness temperatures derived from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) sensors onboard NOAA polar orbiting satellites. Surface reflectance from VIIRS channels I1, I2, and I3 (at 640, 865, and 1610 nm) are a NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR). The dataset spans from 2014 to 10 days before the present, and was processed from the VIIRS 375m and 750m Earth view Sensor Data Record (SDR) datasets.

This dataset contains gridded daily Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from the NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Surface Reflectance. The data record spans from 2014 to 10 days before the present using data from NOAA polar orbiting satellites. The data are projected on a 0.05 degree x 0.05 degree global grid. This dataset is one of the Land Surface CDR products produced by the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) and the University of Maryland (UMD).

The product is the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) at 0.63 micron, which is retrieved from NOAA PATMOS-x AVHRR+HIRS level-2B orbital radiance and cloud CDR products. The retrieval is performed for selected spatial (0.1 by 0.1 degree) and temporal (1 time per day per satellite) resolution in cloud free conditions during daytime. The final product is daily averaged from all satellite retrievals and in a 0.1 by 0.1 degree equal angle grid (total 1800x3600 grids over the globe).

*This version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended for users to access the current version. Users should only access this superseded version for special cases, such as reproducing studies. If necessary, this version can be accessed by contacting NCEI.* The NOAA Global Surface Temperature Dataset (NOAAGlobalTemp) is a blended product from two independent analysis products: the Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) analysis and the land surface temperature (LST) analysis using the Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN) temperature database.

The central components of this dataset are satellite passive microwave observations centered on tropical cyclones from imagers such as AMSR2, AMSR-E, AMSU-B, ATMS, GMI, MHS, SSM/I, SSMIS, and TMI. These observations include 1) multi-channel microwave brightness temperatures inter-calibrated across all the available imagers using GMI and 2) outputs from NASA's Goddard Profiling Algorithm such as retrieved surface precipitation rate, convective precipitation rate, vertical profiles of rain water and snow water content, and vertically-integrated ice water content.

A G-AIRMET is a graphical advisory of weather that may be hazardous to aircraft, but are less severe than SIGMETs. They are valid at specific time "snapshots". The G-AIRMET forecasts are distributed in XML (USWX) format. The USWX XML files contain forecaster-created graphical objects which depict hazard areas and attributes. G-AIRMETs are issued at discrete times 3 hours apart for a period of up to 12 hours into the future (00, 03, 06, 09, and 12 hours). They are issued at 03:00, 09:00, 15:00 and 21:00 UTC (with updates issued as necessary).