Submarine canyons are dominant features of the outer continental shelf and slope of the US East coast from Cape Hatteras to the Gulf of Maine. They are important conduits of anthropogenic pollutants, organic carbon, and sediments from shallow to deeper waters and support ecologically important ecosystems, such as cold seeps and hard bottom and coral habitats. The geology of these features has been well studied; however, despite their high productivity, biological data are limited (particularly deeper than 200 m).

Physical data were collected from XBT casts from the Indian Ocean. Data were collected from 31 July 1991 to 20 August 1991. Data were submitted by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) in support of the Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography (Argo), the Gulf of Mexico NOAA/NMFS Ship of Opportunity (SOOP), and the Global Temperature-Salinity Pilot Project (GTSPP). Physical parameters include profiles of temperature.

Physical data were collected from XBT casts from the Indian Ocean. Data were collected from 31 December 1993 to 07 January 1994. Data were submitted by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) in support of the Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography (Argo), the Gulf of Mexico NOAA/NMFS Ship of Opportunity (SOOP), and the Global Temperature-Salinity Pilot Project (GTSPP). Physical parameters include profiles of temperature.

Temperature profile and other data were collected using bottle and CTD casts in the Weddell and Scotia Sea from NATHANIEL B. PALMER. Data were collected from 04 August 1997 to 05 September 1997. Data were submitted and collected by Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory with support from the Deep Ocean VEntilation Through Antarctic InTermediate (DOVETAIL) project.

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The California Marine Resources Protection Act (MRPA) authorized approximately $1 million for research on marine resource enhancement and management to be conducted in four coastal ecological reserves (Punta Gorda Ecological Reserve in Humboldt County, Big Creek Ecological Reserve in Monterey County, Vandenberg Ecological Reserve in Santa Barbara County, and Big Sycamore Canyon Ecological Reserve in Ventura County). The ecological reserves differ widely in physical features and biology, as well as in the socio-economic characteristics of nearby communities.

In 2002, the US Naval Oceanographic Office (NAVOCEANO) submitted these data to NODC in accordance with a Memorandum of Agreement between NODC and NAVOCEANO to exchange Public Domain Data annually. These data are all data that NAVOCEANO added to their Master Oceanographic Observation Data Set (MOODS) since they last submitted MOODS data to NODC. This submission includes temperature, salinity, and sound velocity profile data collected world-wide with CTD, STD, XBT, MBT, AXBT, and bottles from August 3, 1946 to April 27, 2002.

Nutrients and meteorological data were collected using CTD and bottle casts from NOAA Ship MALCOLM BALDRIGE in the Pacific Ocean. Data were collected from 24 February 1990 to 12 April 1990. Data were collected and submitted by the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) with support from the Global Change Research Program (GCRP) project.

Phytoplankton data were collected using net casts from the USCGC POLAR SEA in the Arctic Ocean. Data were collected from 26 July 1994 to 26 August 1994. Data were submitted by Oregon State University (OSU) with support from the Arctic Ocean Section (Canada/U.S. joint expedition) project.

Five cruises were carried out under the Pak-US cooperative project North Arabian Sea Environment and Ecosystem Research (NASEER) from 1992-1994. The main objective of this project was to determine the spatial and temporal variation in Bacteria-phytoplankton and Bacteria-Bacteriophage coupling in the Arabian Sea and to quantifying the marked seasonal variation in pigment biomass, primary productivity and nutrients present in the waters of the Arabian Sea in relation to the physical forcing factors.