This record represents North Atlantic right whale (NARW) sound production detected from raw passive acoustic data. The Low Frequency Detection and Classification System (LFDCS) call library for right whale low-frequency modulated upsweep (upcall) was used for the data. All NARW upcall detections with a Mahalanobis distance less than or equal to 3.0 were manually screened due to variability in NARW upcalls and overlap with other species’ vocalizations, such as upsweeps produced by humpback whales. A given day was marked as having NARWs present if three or more true upcall detections.

This record represents sei whale sound production detected from raw passive acoustic data. The Low Frequency Detection and Classification System (LFDCS) call library contains the 82 – 34 Hz sei whale downsweeps, which was the call type we focused on in this study. All sei whale downsweep detections with a Mahalanobis distance of 3.0 or less were manually screened for the daily presence of a doublet or triplet. Doublets and triplets were defined as 2 or 3 repeated downsweeps, respectively, with roughly 3.5 seconds elapsed between the start of successive calls.

This record represents the individual vessel events detected from raw passive acoustic data. Events are identified from the long-term spectral average (LTSAs) created for each site with a 5 s, 48 kHz resolution. The LTSA is analyzed in blocks where the calibrated power spectral density estimates are averaged in user-defined low, medium and high frequency bands. These data were recorded at SanctSound Site SB03_05 between August 02, 2019 and October 05, 2019.

This record represents the broadband (BB) sound pressure levels (SPLs) derived from raw passive acoustic data. BB SPLs were calculated by integration of sound pressure spectral density estimates of the mean-square pressure with a 1 Hz/1 second resolution over the frequency band of 10 to 24,000 Hz. The result is then calculated per hour as a median over no less than 1,800 1-second values for that hour and converted to decibels (dB re 1 µPa). These data were recorded at SanctSound Site SB03_06 between October 05, 2019 and December 06, 2019.

This record represents the octave band sound pressure levels (OLs) derived from raw passive acoustic data. OLs were calculated by integration of sound pressure spectral density estimates of the mean-square pressure with a 1 Hz/1 second resolution over 11 octave bands with the center frequencies ranging from 16 to 16,000 Hz. The result is then calculated per hour as a median over no less than 1,800 1-second values for that hour and converted to decibels (dB re 1 µPa). These data were recorded at SanctSound Site SB03_06 between October 05, 2019 and December 06, 2019.

This record represents the sound pressure spectral density (PSD) levels derived from raw passive acoustic data. The hourly PSD levels were calculated as the median of mean-square pressure amplitude (µPa^2) with a frequency resolution of 1 Hz from 10 Hz to 24,000 Hz over no less than 1,800 seconds in each hour and converted to decibels (dB re 1 µPa^2/Hz). These data were recorded at SanctSound Site SB03_06 between October 05, 2019 and December 06, 2019.

This record represents the one-third octave band sound pressure levels (TOLs) derived from raw passive acoustic data. TOLs were calculated by integration of sound pressure spectral density estimates of the mean-square pressure with a 1 Hz/1 second resolution over 33 one-third octave bands with the nominal center frequencies ranging from 13 to 20,000 Hz.

This record represents the Atlantic cod sound production detected from raw passive acoustic data. All acoustic data were processed using the automatic grunt detector and recogniser for Atlantic cod. This method uses a two-stage hypothesis testing algorithm that includes detecting and recognizing all grunt-like sounds. Detector output was manually verified, and false positives are removed. These data were recorded at SanctSound Site SB03_06 between October 05, 2019 and December 06, 2019.

This record represents blue whale sound production detected from raw passive acoustic data. The Low Frequency Detection and Classification System (LFDCS) call library for blue whales was built for the data sampled at 120 Hz, and created for A, B, and AB phrases. All detections with a Mahalanobis distance of 5.0 or less were manually screened. Daily presence for blue whales was confirmed if there were three song phrases visible, including at least one true detection. Only accepting detections when three or more phrases occurred ensured our confidence in blue whale song presence.

This record represents dolphin whistle and moan sound production detected from raw passive acoustic data. All acoustic data were processed through Pamguard's Whistle and Moan Detector (v. 2.01.03, Gillespie et al., 2013). Frequency ranges used varied by sanctuary to encompass the frequency ranges of local populations. A frequency range of 1.5-22 kHz was selected for Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary (SBNMS) to encompass the frequency ranges of both pilot whales and white-sided dolphins.