We present recent improvements within the growing field of Rydberg atom sensors. While initially started as a path towards absolute, independent measurements of electric fields, the research landscape has evolved into the realm of quantum sensors and receivers. We discuss the capabilities and limitations of Rydberg atom receivers, and we show how different atomic properties enhance or limit sensitivity and bandwidth.This data is for a review paper. Figures 6 (a) and 8 (a) and (b) are new data. The rest of the data is extracted from other NIST publications that have a data management plan.

The 2.4 GHz ISM band is shared by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Wireless HART, ISA100.11a, and several other industrial wireless systems. This band also includes microwave ovens which produce interference that disrupt communications within their vicinity, therefore, understanding and monitoring for interference from these types of radio emissions sources is crucial to ensure an optimal wireless user experience. Microwave ovens are common radio interference sources that disrupt the operation of the wireless networks in industrial environments.

TrojAI llm-pretrain-apr2024 Train DatasetThis is the training data used to create and evaluate trojan detection software solutions. This data, generated at NIST, consists Llama2 Large Language Models refined using fine-tuning and LoRA to perform next token prediction. A known percentage of these trained AI models have been poisoned with triggers which induces modified behavior. This data will be used to develop software solutions for detecting which trained AI models have been poisoned via embedded triggers into the model weights.

This document is part of a series of reports describing experimental property measurements completed at the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (NIPER) in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, in the 1980s and 1990s. Members of the Bartlesville Thermodynamics Group included William D. "Bill" Good, William V. "Bill" Steele, Bruce E. Gammon, Norris K. Smith, Stephen E. Knipmeyer, An "Andy" Nguyen, Timothy D. Klots, I. A. "Alex" Hossenlopp, Aaron P. Rau, William B. Collier, John F. Messerly, Ann G. Osborn, Susan Lee-Bechtold, Donald G. Archer, Ian R.

In this paper we describe an enhanced three-antennagain extrapolation technique that allows one to determine antennagain with significantly fewer data points and at closerdistances than with the well-established traditional three-antennagain extrapolation technique that has been in use for overfive decades. As opposed to the traditional gain extrapolationtechnique, where high-order scattering is purposely ignored soas to isolate only the direct antenna-to-antenna coupling, we showthat by incorporating third-order scattering the enhanced gainextrapolation technique can be obtained.

This data was used in the TREC 2015 and 2016 total recall track. The goal of the total recall track was to help develop retrieval systems tuned to retrieving ALL relevant information, as opposed to common web search engines where one good answer could be sufficient.

Lunar regolith simulants are manufactured in order to provide a higher volume, much less expensive and more available source of material, compared to real lunar regolith material, upon which to test various instruments and machines that are being designed to operate on the lunar surface. There are many sources of these materials. However, the three-dimensional (3D) shape of these materials has never been characterized and used to compare to each other and to real lunar regolith material brought back from the Apollo missions.

Numerical values of all data points shown in figures for manuscript "Trap-integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors for trapped-ion qubit state readout", Proc. SPIE 13025, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVIII, 1302506 (7 June 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014455

This archive contains the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) data of real-world samples associated with the paper Aaron M. Goldfain, Grace E. Waters, Lynn Davis, Heather J. Patrick, and Thomas A. Germer, "Validated UV-C bidirectional reflectance distribution function measurements with a spectrophotometer directional reflectance module," Applied Optics 63, 7715-7725 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.527427 .

As a National Metrology Institute (NMI), the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) maintains traceable measurement capabilities for a variety of quantities, including microwave power. At NMIs and calibration laboratories, traceable microwave power measurements often rely on the principle of dc substitution. This approach involves a power meter that provides dc power to a sensor under test. DC substitution power meters are typically implemented by analog electronics, making them difficult to maintain.